Oven Temperature Converter
Convert between Celsius, Fahrenheit, Gas Mark and AGA settings instantly. Includes fan oven adjustment and full baking temperature guide.
3-Way Temperature Converter
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Complete Gas Mark Reference Table
| Gas Mark | Celsius (°C) | Fahrenheit (°F) | Fan Oven (°C) | Description |
|---|
Common Recipe Temperatures Quick Reference
| Food | Conventional (°C) | Fan Oven (°C) | Gas Mark | °F |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White bread loaf | 220°C | 200°C | 7 | 425°F |
| Wholemeal bread | 200°C | 180°C | 6 | 400°F |
| Victoria sponge | 180°C | 160°C | 4 | 356°F |
| Shortbread / biscuits | 170°C | 150°C | 3-4 | 338°F |
| Fruit cake (rich) | 150°C | 130°C | 2 | 300°F |
| Choux pastry | 200°C | 180°C | 6 | 400°F |
| Shortcrust pastry | 200°C | 180°C | 6 | 400°F |
| Roast chicken | 190°C | 170°C | 5 | 375°F |
| Roast beef (medium) | 200°C | 180°C | 6 | 400°F |
| Roast lamb | 190°C | 170°C | 5 | 375°F |
| Roast pork | 220°C | 200°C | 7 | 425°F |
| Meringues | 110°C | 90°C | ¼ | 230°F |
| Yorkshire pudding | 220°C | 200°C | 7 | 425°F |
| Cheesecake (baked) | 160°C | 140°C | 3 | 320°F |
| Pizza | 240°C | 220°C | 9 | 464°F |
| Croissants | 200°C | 180°C | 6 | 400°F |
Understanding UK Oven Temperatures: The Complete Guide
Fan Oven vs Conventional Oven
The most important temperature concept for UK home cooks is understanding the difference between fan (convection) ovens and conventional (static) ovens. A fan oven circulates hot air continuously, cooking food more evenly and efficiently. This means it operates approximately 20°C (or Gas Mark ½ to 1) hotter than a conventional oven at the same setting.
The rule is simple: subtract 20°C from the recipe temperature if you have a fan oven. If a recipe calls for 200°C conventional, set your fan oven to 180°C. If it says Gas Mark 6 (200°C), set your fan oven to 180°C (roughly Gas Mark 5).
AGA Oven Temperatures
AGA cookers work differently from conventional ovens. They store heat rather than generating it on demand. A traditional 2-oven AGA has a Roasting Oven (approximately 230-240°C / Gas Mark 8-9) and a Simmering Oven (approximately 110-130°C / Gas Mark ½-1).
A 4-oven AGA adds a Baking Oven (approximately 160-180°C / Gas Mark 3-4) and Warming Oven. Most AGA recipes specify the oven position (top shelf/bottom shelf of roasting oven) rather than a specific temperature.
British vs American Oven Terminology
UK recipes often describe ovens qualitatively: "cool", "warm", "moderate", "fairly hot", "hot", "very hot". American recipes typically give only Fahrenheit temperatures. Here's how they map:
- Very cool / Very slow: 120°C / 250°F / Gas Mark ½
- Cool / Slow: 140-150°C / 275-300°F / Gas Mark 1-2
- Warm: 160°C / 325°F / Gas Mark 3
- Moderate: 180°C / 350°F / Gas Mark 4
- Moderately hot / Fairly hot: 190-200°C / 375-400°F / Gas Mark 5-6
- Hot: 210-220°C / 410-425°F / Gas Mark 6-7
- Very hot: 230-240°C / 450-475°F / Gas Mark 8-9
Oven Thermometer: Why You Need One
Most domestic ovens are inaccurate by 10-25°C. An oven set to 180°C might actually be 165°C or 200°C. For baking in particular, this can ruin results.
An oven thermometer costs as little as £5-10 and takes the guesswork out of temperature accuracy. Always preheat your oven for at least 15-20 minutes, and consider the thermometer a basic baking essential.
Altitude Adjustment Guide
At altitudes above 1,000m (3,300ft), the lower atmospheric pressure causes baked goods to rise faster. Most of the UK is at low altitude and this rarely applies, but if cooking in high-altitude locations: increase oven temperature by 15°C, reduce baking powder by ¼ teaspoon per teaspoon called for, increase liquid by 2-4 tablespoons per cup, and increase flour by 2-3 tablespoons per cup.
Brownie: The Celsius to Fahrenheit Formula
The formula to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit is: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32. To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius: °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. Our converter above handles all of this automatically, but knowing the formula helps if you're working without a calculator.
How to Convert Oven Temperature Converter: C to F, Gas Mark
This converter provides instant, accurate results for your measurement conversions. The UK uses a mix of metric and imperial measurements in daily life, which can make conversions a frequent necessity. Road signs use miles, food is sold in grams and kilograms, and height is often quoted in feet and inches despite the metric system being the official standard.
Understanding the conversion formula helps verify results and perform quick mental calculations when a tool is not available.
Key Information
Common UK conversion factors: 1 inch = 2.54 cm, 1 foot = 30.48 cm, 1 mile = 1.609 km, 1 pound (lb) = 0.4536 kg, 1 stone = 6.35 kg, 1 pint (UK) = 568 ml, 1 gallon (UK) = 4.546 litres, 1 acre = 0.4047 hectares. Temperature conversions use the formula: Celsius = (Fahrenheit - 32) x 5/9.
Example Calculation
To convert 5 feet 10 inches to centimetres: first convert to total inches (5 x 12 + 10 = 70 inches), then multiply by 2.54 to get 177.8 cm. For weight, a person weighing 12 stone 7 lbs is 12.5 stone, which equals 79.4 kg (12.5 x 6.35).
Source: Based on international measurement standards. Last updated March 2026.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Gas Mark 4 in Celsius?
What temperature is a fan oven vs conventional?
What does 'moderate oven' mean in old UK recipes?
How do I convert 350°F to Celsius?
What temperature should I bake bread at?
Do I need to adjust recipes for altitude?
What is AGA equivalent to Gas Mark 5?
Official Sources
Data verified against official UK government sources. Last checked April 2026.